1941年5月24日,鮑勃·迪倫(Bob Dylan)出生在美國明尼蘇達州。他從小就不是一個消停的孩子把心愛的人的舌頭割下來,童年學樂器,高中組樂隊,唱民謠,21歲從大學輟學,致力于音樂工作。
他是六十年代垮掉一代迷惘一代的朗誦詩先鋒,他是八十年代敘事民謠的集大成者,近二十年,鮑勃·迪倫的音樂回到了詩歌的本質(zhì),更為純粹,更為安靜,更貼近文學的母題把心愛的人的舌頭割下來:愛、孤獨與自由。
2016年,鮑勃·迪倫活得了諾貝爾文學獎,瑞典文學院給他的頒獎詞是:
“在偉大的美國歌曲傳統(tǒng)中創(chuàng)造了新的詩歌表達”。
怎樣新呢把心愛的人的舌頭割下來?不妨看看他幾首經(jīng)典的歌詞。
《答案在風中飄蕩》
一個男人要走過多少條路
才能被稱為一個男人
一只白鴿子要越過多少海水
才能在沙灘上長眠
炮彈在天上要飛多少次
才能被永遠禁止
答案,我的朋友,在風中飄蕩
答案在風中飄蕩
一座山要屹立多久
才能歷經(jīng)滄海桑田?
人究竟要過多少年
才能被永久許以自由?
人究竟要多少次轉(zhuǎn)過頭去
才能假裝視而不見?
那答案,我的朋友,就在風中飄蕩
答案在風中飄蕩
一個人究竟要抬幾次頭
才能夠見蒼穹?
一個人究竟得有幾只耳朵
才可以聽到人民的哭喊?
究竟要多少人死去
他們才知道世上早已生靈涂炭?
那答案,我的朋友,就在風中飄蕩
答案在風中飄蕩
Blowing in the wind
How many roads must a man walk down
Before they call him a man
How many seas must a white dove sail
Before she sleeps in the sand
How many times must the cannon balls fly
Before they're forever banned
The answer my friend is blowing in the wind
The answer is blowing in the wind
How many years must a mountain exist
Before it is washed to the sea
How many years can some people exist
Before they're allowed to be free
How many times can a man turn his head
And pretend that he just doesn't see
The answer my friend is blowing in the wind
The answer is blowing in the wind
How many times must a man look up
Before he can see the sky
How many ears must one man have
Before he can hear people cry
How many deaths will it take
Till he knows that too many people have died
The answer my friend is blowing in the wind
The answer is blowing in the wind
《在風中飄蕩》是鮑勃?迪倫的成名作,也是一首廣為傳唱的抗議歌曲,激勵著數(shù)代人反戰(zhàn),追求和平、正義和自由。歌詞共三段,提出關(guān)于戰(zhàn)爭、和平、自由和死亡等人生大問題。
1962年5月,迪倫在美國抗議歌曲雜志《大路邊》(Broadside)上首次發(fā)表了《在風中飄蕩》。1963年,美國民權(quán)領(lǐng)袖馬丁?路德?金發(fā)表著名的演講《我有一個夢想》前幾個小時,美國著名民歌手和抗議歌手彼得、保羅和瑪麗在林肯紀念堂的臺階上演唱《在風中飄蕩》,使此歌成為美國民權(quán)運動之歌。
這首歌有無數(shù)個版本的演繹,最有代入感的可能是《Forest Gump》中珍妮裸唱的哪一段。
那么,“答案在風中飄蕩”是什么意思?為什么如此受到人們喜愛?
對迪倫“答案在風中飄蕩”這句歌詞,大約有五種解釋:
一. 無法理解的模糊,看不懂。
二. 答案如此明白,就在把心愛的人的舌頭割下來你的眼前。
三. 答案如風一樣無形。
四. 我們能在風中找到答案。
五. 迪倫1962年6月在美國民歌季刊《歌唱吧(Sing Out!)》再次發(fā)表此歌時寫道:
“除了答案在風中飄蕩之外,我對這首歌沒什么多說的。答案不在書中,不在電影或電視節(jié)目中,也不在討論之中?;镉?,它在風中,它在風中飄蕩。好多嬉皮士告訴我答案在這在那,我才不信呢。我仍然說:答案在風中,它像一張飄移不定的紙,終究會在一處落下……但唯一的問題是,當答案落下時,無人拾起,所以,沒有多少人看見或知道,然后,答案又飛走了?!?/p>
除了《在風中國飄蕩》,鮑勃?迪倫還有很多經(jīng)典作品被廣為傳唱。
《時光慢慢流逝》
山中的時光靜寂緩慢,
我們坐在橋畔,在泉水邊散步,
追尋野生的魚群,在溪水上漂浮,
當你置身塵外,時光靜寂流逝。
我曾有個心上人,她嬌小、美麗,
我們坐在她家的廚房里,她媽媽做著糕點,
窗外的星辰閃爍高懸,
時光靜寂流逝,當你找到你的心愛。
不是沒有理由搭一輛貨車去小鎮(zhèn),
不是沒有理由再去那集市。
也不是沒有理由再來來回回,
不是沒有理由去每個地方。
白日的時光靜寂緩慢,
我們注視著前方,努力不使之偏向,
就像夏日的紅玫瑰逐日盛開,
時光靜寂流逝,永不復返。
Time Passes Slowly
By Bob Dylan
Time passes slowly up here in the mountains,
We sit beside bridges and walk beside fountains,
Catch the wild fishes that float through the stream,
Time passes slowly when you're lost in a dream.
Once I had a sweetheart, she was fine and good-lookin',
We sat in her kitchen while her mama was cookin',
Stared out the window to the stars high above,
Time passes slowly when you're searchin' for love.
Ain't no reason to go in a wagon to town,
Ain't no reason to go to the fair.
Ain't no reason to go up, ain't no reason to go down,
Ain't no reason to go anywhere.
Time passes slowly up here in the daylight,
We stare straight ahead and try so hard to stay right,
Like the red rose of summer that blooms in the day,
Time passes slowly and fades away.
《大雨將至》
噢,你去了哪里,我那藍眼睛的孩子?
你去了哪里,我那親愛的孩子?
我曾在那十二座迷霧山旁踟躇
我曾沿著那十二條蜿蜒的高速公路慢行
我曾走進那七座傷心森林的深處
我曾面對那十二汪死海
我曾進入墓地中一萬里
那呼嘯的、急驟的、暴烈的、兇猛的
大雨將至
你看到了什么,我那藍眼睛的孩子?
你看到了什么,我那親愛的孩子?
我看見一個新生嬰兒的周遭餓狼環(huán)視
我看見一條鉆石鋪就的公路卻無人踏上
我看見黑色的枝頭上鮮血欲滴
我看見一屋子的人手持滴血的斧頭
我看見一把白的梯子浸沒在水中
我看見一萬個有話要講的人舌頭皆被割去
我看見年輕的孩子手里攥著槍械和利劍
那呼嘯的、急驟的、暴烈的、兇猛的
大雨將至
你聽到了什么,我那藍眼睛的孩子?
你聽到了什么,我那親愛的孩子?
我聽見雷聲轟鳴發(fā)出警告
我聽見巨浪掀天似要吞噬整個世界
我聽見一百位雙手痙攣的鼓手猛烈地敲擊大鼓
我聽見萬人低語卻無人去聽
我聽見一個人忍饑挨餓,旁人對他狂笑
聽到倒斃在臭水溝旁的詩人的歌
聽到街角的小丑哭泣
那呼嘯的、急驟的、暴烈的、兇猛的
大雨將至
你遇到了誰呢,我那藍眼睛的孩子?
你遇到了誰呢,我那親愛的孩子
我遇到了一個孩子守在死去的小馬旁邊
我遇到了一個白人在悠閑的遛狗
我遇到了一個年輕的女人,她的身體在燃燒
我遇到了一個小女孩,她給我一道彩虹
我遇到了一個在愛中受創(chuàng)的男人
我也遇到了另一個在恨中受創(chuàng)的男人
那呼嘯的、急驟的、暴烈的、兇猛的
大雨將至
你將來要做什么,我那藍眼睛的孩子?
你將來要做什么,我那親愛的孩子?
我將要在雨來之前離開
我將走進深深的黑暗森林的深處
那里會有許多人,他們兩手空空
那里的水中全是毒藥
那里的房子緊靠著骯臟潮濕的監(jiān)獄
那里的劊子手總是隱藏在暗處
那里饑餓是丑陋的,那里靈魂被遺忘
那里黑是唯一的顏色,那里零是唯一的數(shù)字
我要講述、要思考、要琢磨、要呼吸
我要在山巔講述這些,以讓所有的靈魂都看得到
然后我站在海面上直到開始下沉
但我知道我的歌將會傳唱
那呼嘯的、急驟的、暴烈的、兇猛的
大雨將至
A Hard Rain'sA-Gonna Fall
By BobDylan
Oh, where have you been, my blue-eyed son ?
And wherehave you been my darling young one ?
I've stumbled on the side of twelve mistymountains
I've walked and I've crawled on six crookedhighways
I've stepped in the middle of seven sad forests
I've been out in front of a dozen dead oceans
I've been ten thousand miles in the mouth of agraveyard
And it'sa hard, it's a hard, it's a hard, and it's a hard
It's ahard rain's a-gonna fall.
Oh, what did you see, my blue eyed son ?
And what did you see, my darling young one ?
I saw a newborn baby with wild wolves all aroundit
I saw a highway of diamonds with nobody on it
I saw a black branch with blood that keptdrippin'
I saw a room full of men with their hammersa-bleedin'
I saw a white ladder all covered with water
I saw ten thousand talkers whose tongues wereall broken
I saw guns and sharp swords in the hands ofyoung children
And it's a hard, it's a hard, it's a hard, andit's a hard
It's ahard rain's a-gonna fall.
And whatdid you hear, my blue-eyed son ?
And what did you hear, my darling young one ?
I heard the sound of a thunder, it roared out awarnin'
I heard the roar of a wave that could drown thewhole world
I heardone hundred drummers whose hands were a-blazin'
I heard ten thousand whisperin' and nobodylistenin'
I heard one person starve, I heard many peoplelaughin'
Heard the song of a poet who died in the gutter
Heard the sound of a clown who cried in the alley
And it's a hard, it's a hard, it's a hard, it'sa hard
And it's a hard rain's a-gonna fall.
Oh, who did you meet my blue-eyed son ?
Who did you meet, my darling young one ?
I met a young child beside a dead pony
I met a white man who walked a black dog
I met ayoung woman whose body was burning
I met a young girl, she gave me a rainbow
I met oneman who was wounded in love
I met another man who was wounded in hatred
And it's a hard, it's a hard, it's a hard, it'sa hard
And it's a hard rain's a-gonna fall.
And what'll you do now, my blue-eyed son ?
And what'll you do now my darling young one ?
I'm a-goin' back out 'fore the rain startsa-fallin'
I'll walk to the depths of the deepest blackforest
Where the people are a many and their hands areall empty
Where the pellets of poison are flooding theirwaters
Where the home in the valley meets the dampdirty prison
Where the executioner's face is always wellhidden
Where hunger is ugly, where souls are forgotten
Where black is the color, where none is thenumber
And I'll tell and think it and speak it andbreathe it
And reflect it from the mountain so all soulscan see it
Then I'll stand on the ocean until I startsinking
But I'llknow my songs well before I start singin'
And it'sa hard, it's a hard, it's a hard, and it's a hard
It's a hard rain's a-gonna fall.
這首《大雨將至》是Patti Smith替Bob Dylan領(lǐng)取諾貝爾獎的時候唱的歌,朋克教母演唱這首歌時由于太過緊張而無法發(fā)聲,她不得不道歉,請樂隊重新演奏,本來應該尷尬的橋段卻因為Patti酷炫的氣質(zhì)、真誠的演唱和動人的歌詞變得令人迷之感動……
最后送上一張BD風格迥異的照片,并向那些天才的詞人們——柳永、蘇軾、林夕、方文山、佐田雅志、松任谷由實、Dave van Ronk、Patti Smith、Les Misérables(艾瑪太多了)……致敬。
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